Statistical Studies

Baseline characteristics are presented as means with standard deviation for continuous variables and numbers and percentages for categorical variables. Annual incidence rates (IR) were calculated as the number of events per 1000 person-years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate HR and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) to analyze association between baseline blood pressure subgroups and cardiovascular and mortality outcomes. Additional analysis according to SBP/DBP combination groups was performed. Two-tailed P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were conducted using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA).

Results

This study included 374,250 blood circulation pressure addressed Koreans 75 decades or earlier (Fig. 1), whoever standard qualities because of the benefit level are given when you look at the Table step one. Throughout the mean follow-right up of 5.six decades, twenty-eight,621 people educated ischemic coronary arrest, fourteen,683 got MI, and you can 74,115 people died. Fundamentally, people which have aerobic experience incidence had large pricing off CVD exposure factorspared so you’re able to participants no incidents, people who have ischemic heart attack and you may MI frequency got rather highest baseline blood pressure, was earlier, likely to getting men, feel most recent cigarette smokers, be privately inactive, enjoys diabetic issues, dyslipidemia, and you may persistent kidney problem. Alcohol consumption presented additional manner to own ischemic heart attack and MI. The fresh zero experiences groups had large pricing of intestinal being obese and you will being obese. Surprisingly, in relation to death, people who died was indeed less likely to want to provides dyslipidemia.

Flowchart out of cohort alternatives. A maximum of 374 250 sufferers were qualified to receive the brand new cohort, and you will had been then followed having MI, ischemic coronary attack, as well as-lead to dying until

Cox regression analysis of adjusted HRs by SBP and DBP are shown in Fig. 2. The reference groups were SBP 120 to 129 mmHg and DBP < 70 mmHg. All three outcomes measures showed highest HRs and IRs with SBP ? 170 mmHg or DBP ? 100 mmHg, except for all-cause death with highest risk when SBP < 110 mmHg. HR by SBP followed a J-curve pattern for ischemic stroke, and a U-shaped pattern for all-cause death. The nadir SBP ranges were 120 to 129 mmHg (HR 1, reference group) and 140 to 149 mmHg (HR 0.961; 95 % CI 0.937 to 0.985) for ischemic stroke and all-cause death, respectively. For MI, SBP < 160 mmHg was a relatively homogenous group and HR significantly increased only once SBP ? 160 mmHg. Meanwhile, increasing DBP generally showed higher HRs for ischemic stroke. For MI and all-cause death, DBP up to 80 mmHg and 90 mmHg did not show any significant differences from the reference group, and HR significantly increased when DBP was ? 80 mmHg or ? 90 mmHg, respectively.

Hazard ratios (HR) having ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and you may death with respect to the systolic blood pressure levels (SBP) and you can diastolic blood pressure (DBP) group. The information is modified to have many years, intercourse, bmi (BMI), smoking/ drinking/exercise/money standing, therefore the exposure regarding diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, and you will persistent kidney state (CKD). The fresh 95% rely on (CI) menstruation are provided while the straight contours to the Hrs

In the SBP/DBP combination analysis, HRs stratified by SBP/DBP groups were calculated (Fig. https://www.datingranking.net/dominicancupid-review 3). The reference group was SBP 130 to 149 mmHg/DBP < 80 mmHg. For each SBP group, higher DBP groups yielded higher HRs for all three outcomes, except when SBP ? 150 mmHg, DBP < 80 mmHg had higher HRs than when DBP was 80 to 89 mmHg, also for all three outcomes. Regardless of SBP control, patients with the highest DBPs ? 90 mmHg had higher HRs compared to the reference group. While there was no additional consistent trend in ischemic stroke and MI, in terms of all-cause death, within the same DBP group, the highest HRs lay in the SBP groups < 130 mmHg.

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